In recent decades, Ethiopia has seen a decline in its forest cover, from 15 million ha in 1990 to 12.2 million ha in 2010. The country’s two most prominent drivers of deforestation and forest degradation are conversion of forests to agricultural land and unsustainable fuelwood consumption. These drivers have been enabled by deficiencies in Ethiopia’s regulatory and institutional environment. A lack of regulation combined with the absence of a strong, dedicated forestry institution have failed to adequately protect the country’s forests.